UNO established agencies to promote peace building in the world. These agencies works tirelessly in:-
  • Solving national problems,
  • Promoting socio and economic development,
  • Preservation and promotion of culture,
  • Protection of human rights and labour forces.



  1. UNDP – United Nations’ Development Programme.

UNDP was formed by merging of two organizations; (a). the expanded programme of technical Assistance. (b.) UN Special Fund. It has 36 members which come from developing countries. The fund is donated by the members of UNO.

Functions;
  1. Provides grants for technical assistance for economic development.
  2. It promotes global programmes on removing poverty, creating employment and improving women’s status and HIV/AIDS.
  3. It administers special fund;
    1. UN Capital Development Fund.
    2. UN Volunteers.
    3. UN Development Fund for Women.
  4. It also works towards prevention of global environmental problems like; Global warming, Ozone layer depletion and water pollution. 



2.     UNICEF – United Nations’ Children’s Emergency Fund.

-          Established in 1946 to help the women and children.
·                                             Purpose:   
1. To offer relief to children and their mothers after Second World War.
Eg.  Health care, Nutrition, Basic Education, women’s development and   sanitation.

2. to combat preventable diseases and malnutrition and upbringing of women and children, they launched a four- point programme
ü  Immunization.
ü  Oral dehydration/ dehydration therapy.
ü  Advocating breast feeding.
ü  Monitoring growth.
Functions:
1.      It works for the benefit of the children and thus upholds the convention on the rights of the child.
2.      It supports AIDS education and helps AIDS affected families and children.
3.      It provides greater supports to disadvantaged children who are victims of wars, poverty, exploitation and disabilities.
4.      They sell UNICEF cards to generate funds.
5.      They had celebrated 1979 as ‘International Year of the child’ to advocate on the rights and welfare of children to people.



3.     WHO - World Health Organization.

-          Established on 7th April,1948.

·                                             Belief:
“The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race, religion, and political belief, economic or social conditions”.

Functions:
1.      WHO works for highest attainable health for all.
2.      It coordinates research and provides technical cooperation to strengthen health services. Eg, trains medical personals, promotes food supplies, proper nutrition, adequate safe water and basic sanitation.
3.      Advocates health issues among people through health campaigns.
Eg. (a). immunization for infectious diseases,
      (b). disease control/ prevention and control of endemic diseases.
      (c). family planning.

Achievements of WHO:
1.      Eradicated Small-pox.
2.      Cholera, Plague and Polio are getting rarer.
3.      Leprosy is better managed.
4.      Death rate of infants decreased.


4. UNESCO – United Nations’ Educational, Scientific and cultural Organization.

-          Established on 4th Nov, 1946.

  • Belief:
“That since the war begins in the minds of men; it is in the minds of men, defenses of peace must be constructed”.
       Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru calls it “the conscience of mankind”.

  • Aim: To promote “Peace” by upholding respect for human rights, education,                       science and culture.


Functions.
1.                  Education:
(a)   Its programmes consist of removal of illiteracy; encourage adult education, distance education, open-school system and education for women and girls.

(b)    It helps train teachers, educational planners, administrators and encourages building programmes and equipping of schools.


     2. Science:
                        (a)  In the field of communication UNESCO has set up regional
                            networks, train technicians and dealt with hardware and software
                            aspect of information.  Eg: Quality of press, films, independence
                             of media.

     3.  Culture.
(a) UNESCO encourages the preservation and promotion of national cultural                           values by protecting:
·         Books
·         Work of Art.
·         Manuscripts. (any written documents)
·         Provides fund for promotion of monuments. (statues, religious  and historical buildings)



5.     ILO – International Labour Organization.

-          Established in 1946.

  • Aim: To bring government, employers and trade union together to promote social
                       justice and better living standard.

  • Functions:
1.      ILO formulates policies and programmes for the member nations to promote social justice for working people.
2.      It builds cooperation between Labour and management.
3.      It assists in vocational training for greater productivity.
4.      It encourages cooperative, small scale and handicraft industries.

5.      Set international Labour standards:

·         Freedom to form associations.
·         Wages.
·         Hours and conditions of work.
·         Compensation.
·         Social security and insurance.
·         Vacation with pay.
·         Industrial safety.



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